{ "sight": { "id": "Q67932193", "slug": "former-residence-of-yan-xishan", "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/sight/former-residence-of-yan-xishan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67932193", "name": "Former Residence of Yan Xishan", "name_source": "Wikidata", "name_local": "閻錫山故居", "name_ja": null, "name_ko": "옌시산 옛집", "name_zh_hans": null, "category": "historic-site", "district": "士林區", "district_en": "Shilin District", "lat": 25.134067, "lng": 121.560516, "position_source": "觀光署 觀光資訊資料庫", "official_url": null, "nearest_station": null, "description_zh_hant": "閻錫山(1883-1960)，字伯川，一生經歷了同盟會反清、辛亥革命、洪憲帝制、民國創立、中原大戰、國共合作、抗日戰爭、國共內戰，直至國民黨遷台，幾乎經歷了所有中國近代重大歷史事件，是中國近代史上相當重要人物之一。曾擔任國民政府遷台前的行政院長兼國防部長，卸任後率部屬隱居在陽明山。隱居在陽明山的最後十年，一心研究著述完成《世界大同》《三百年的中國》，是位立德、立功、立言三不朽的儒學實踐者。晚年因懷念家鄉並基於軍事防衛需要，選擇可居高臨下俯視淡水河口與台北盆地的防風山坡上，建造石頭屋「種能洞」及「紅磚屋」。「種能洞」採山西窯洞建築，更融合中、日、西三式建築特長，建築年代、規模格局均與一般古蹟大不相同；是閻氏故居主體建築，是閻氏親自命名，呈現他以種能觀察宇宙變化的「宇宙觀」。這座碉堡式的民居，成為這位近代史上重要人物的最後歸宿。「紅磚屋」則作為防空洞使用，外牆厚達三尺，門窗處還有加厚鋼板，並有偽裝棚、哨兵瞭望等設計。「紅磚屋」及「種能洞」在2004年公告指定為市定古蹟「閻錫山故居」，鄰近的閰錫山墓也於2010年公告指定為古蹟。", "description_zh_hans": "阎锡山(1883-1960)，字伯川，一生经历了同盟会反清、辛亥革命、洪宪帝制、民国创立、中原大战、国共合作、抗日战争、国共内战，直至国民党迁台，几乎经历了所有中国近代重大历史事件，是中国近代史上相当重要人物之一。曾担任国民政府迁台前的行政院长兼国防部长，卸任后率部属隐居在阳明山。隐居在阳明山的最后十年，一心研究著述完成《世界大同》《三百年的中国》，是位立德、立功、立言三不朽的儒学实践者。晚年因怀念家乡并基于军事防卫需要，选择可居高临下俯视淡水河口与台北盆地的防风山坡上，建造石头屋「种能洞」及「红砖屋」。「种能洞」采山西窑洞建筑，更融合中、日、西三式建筑特长，建筑年代、规模格局均与一般古迹大不相同；是阎氏故居主体建筑，是阎氏亲自命名，呈现他以种能观察宇宙变化的「宇宙观」。这座碉堡式的民居，成为这位近代史上重要人物的最后归宿。「红砖屋」则作为防空洞使用，外墙厚达三尺，门窗处还有加厚钢板，并有伪装棚、哨兵瞭望等设计。「红砖屋」及「种能洞」在2004年公告指定为市定古迹「阎锡山故居」，邻近的閰锡山墓也于2010年公告指定为古迹。", "description_en": "Yan Xishan (1883-1960), courtesy name Bochuan, lived through almost every major event of modern Chinese history: the anti-Qing Tongmenghui, the Xinhai Revolution, the Hongxian imperial restoration, the founding of the Republic of China, the Central Plains War, the Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, the War of Resistance against Japan, the Chinese Civil War and the Kuomintang's move to Taiwan. He is one of the important figures of modern Chinese history. Before the Nationalist government moved to Taiwan he served as Premier (President of the Executive Yuan) and Minister of National Defence, and after leaving office he retired with his staff to Yangmingshan. During his last ten years in seclusion there he devoted himself to study and writing, completing Shijie Datong ('world of great harmony') and Sanbai Nian de Zhongguo ('China of three hundred years'). In later life, missing his homeland and for military defence, he chose a sheltered hillside overlooking the mouth of the Tamsui River and the Taipei Basin and built a stone house, Zhongneng Cave, and the Red Brick House. Zhongneng Cave follows the style of Shanxi cave dwellings and combines Chinese, Japanese and Western features; its date, scale and layout are quite unlike typical historic sites. It is the main building of the residence. Yan named it himself, to express his view of the universe as observed through 'zhongneng' (seed energy). This fortress-like home became his final residence. The Red Brick House served as an air-raid shelter, with outer walls three chi (Chinese feet) thick, thickened steel plates at the doors and windows, camouflage canopies and sentry lookouts. In 2004 the Red Brick House and Zhongneng Cave were designated a city monument as the Former Residence of Yan Xishan, and Yan's nearby tomb was designated a monument in 2010.", "description_ko": "옌시산(1883~1960)의 자(字)는 보촨(伯川)이에요. 반청 운동을 벌인 동맹회, 신해혁명, 홍헌(洪憲) 제제, 중화민국 건국, 중원대전, 국공합작, 항일전쟁, 국공내전, 그리고 국민당의 대만 이전까지, 중국 근대사의 굵직한 사건을 거의 모두 겪은 중국 근대사의 중요한 인물 가운데 하나예요. 국민정부가 대만으로 옮기기 전 행정원장 겸 국방부장을 지냈고, 물러난 뒤에는 부하들을 이끌고 양밍산에 은거했어요. 양밍산에서 은거한 마지막 10년 동안 연구와 저술에 몰두해 《世界大同》('세계 대동')과 《三百年的中國》('300년의 중국')을 펴냈어요. 만년에 고향을 그리워하고 군사 방어도 고려해서, 단수이강 하구와 타이베이 분지가 내려다보이는 바람을 막아 주는 산비탈에 돌집 '중넝둥(種能洞)'과 '붉은 벽돌집'을 지었어요. 중넝둥은 산시(山西)의 토굴집(窯洞) 양식을 따르면서 중국, 일본, 서양 세 가지 건축의 장점을 합쳤어요. 지은 시기와 규모, 구조가 일반 고적과 크게 달라요. 옛집의 중심 건물로, 옌시산이 직접 이름을 지었는데 '중넝(種能)'으로 우주의 변화를 살핀다는 그의 우주관을 담았어요. 요새 같은 이 집이 근대사의 중요 인물이 마지막으로 머문 곳이 되었어요. 붉은 벽돌집은 방공호로 쓰였어요. 외벽 두께는 3자(尺)이고, 문과 창에는 두꺼운 강판을 덧댔으며, 위장막과 초병 망루 같은 시설도 갖췄어요. 붉은 벽돌집과 중넝둥은 2004년 시 지정 고적 '옌시산 고거(故居)'로 지정되었고, 가까운 옌시산 묘도 2010년 고적으로 지정되었어요.", "description_ja": "閻錫山（1883～1960）は字を伯川といい、中国近代史のほぼすべての重要な出来事を経験しました。同盟会の反清運動、辛亥革命、洪憲帝制、中華民国の成立、中原大戦、国共合作、抗日戦争、国共内戦、そして国民党の台湾への移転です。中国近代史の重要人物の一人です。国民政府が台湾に移る前に行政院長と国防部長を務め、退任後は部下とともに陽明山に隠居しました。陽明山で隠居した最後の10年間は研究と著述に打ち込み、『世界大同』と『三百年的中国』を書き上げました。晩年、故郷を懐かしむ思いと軍事的な防衛の必要から、淡水河の河口と台北盆地を見下ろす風の当たらない斜面を選び、石造りの家「種能洞」と「紅磚屋」を建てました。種能洞は山西の窯洞の建築様式にならい、中国、日本、西洋の特徴を合わせています。建てられた年代、規模、間取りは一般的な古跡とは大きく違います。故居の主な建物で、閻錫山自身が名付けました。「種能」を通して宇宙の変化を観察するという彼の宇宙観を表しています。この要塞のような住まいが、彼の最後の住まいになりました。紅磚屋は防空壕として使われ、外壁の厚さは3尺あり、扉と窓には厚くした鋼板が付けられ、偽装用の覆いや見張り台もありました。2004年、紅磚屋と種能洞は市の古跡「閻錫山故居」に指定され、近くの閻錫山の墓も2010年に古跡に指定されました。", "sources": [ "交通部觀光署 觀光資訊資料庫 (政府資料開放授權條款-第1版)", "Wikidata (CC0)" ], "address_ja": "士林區", "access_ja": null, "admission_ja": null, "telephone": "(02)28626853", "photo": { "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/img/sights/former-residence-of-yan-xishan.webp", "thumb": "https://dealtaipei.com/img/sights/former-residence-of-yan-xishan-sm.webp", "credit": { "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "licenceUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0", "artist": "林高志", "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E9%96%BB%E9%8C%AB%E5%B1%B1%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85_5225.jpg", "width": 4928, "height": 3264, "photo": true } }, "exits_naming_it": [], "areas": [], "nearby_sights": [ { "id": "tpe-e2390c32", "slug": "pingdeng-village-cherry-blossoms", "name": "Pingdeng Village Cherry Blossoms", "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/sight/pingdeng-village-cherry-blossoms", "category": "nature", "straight_line_m": 1196 }, { "id": "tpe-97e90828", "slug": "pingjing-street-lane-42-cherry-blossoms", "name": "Pingjing Street Lane 42 cherry blossoms", "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/sight/pingjing-street-lane-42-cherry-blossoms", "category": "nature", "straight_line_m": 1196 }, { "id": "tpe-da41d393", "slug": "taipei-aowanda-garden", "name": "Taipei Aowanda Garden", "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/sight/taipei-aowanda-garden", "category": "nature", "straight_line_m": 1286 }, { "id": "tpe-a3c99873", "slug": "jingque-ancient-canal", "name": "Jingque Ancient Canal", "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/sight/jingque-ancient-canal", "category": "nature", "straight_line_m": 1303 }, { "id": "tpe-d5b418df", "slug": "floriculture-experiment-centre", "name": "Floriculture Experiment Centre", "url": "https://dealtaipei.com/sight/floriculture-experiment-centre", "category": "nature", "straight_line_m": 1486 } ] }, "source": { "listings": "交通部觀光署 觀光資訊資料庫 景點 (data.gov.tw 7777), 政府資料開放授權條款-第1版: names, towns, addresses, descriptions, phones, positions. Modified: filtered, merged, matched to Wikidata.", "wikidata": "Wikidata (CC0): names in en, ja, ko, zh-Hans, zh-Hant; official website; image file names (each Commons file carries its own licence).", "note": "English names are Wikidata labels, or DealTaipei's own (name_source: DealTaipei, Hanyu Pinyin with an English generic) where Wikidata has none or its label is wrong. Korean, Japanese and Simplified Chinese names are Wikidata labels where present. Descriptions other than description_zh_hant are DealTaipei translations of it; description_zh_hans is a character conversion." }, "not_published": { "opening_hours": "No source we use carries them. The official_url is where they are.", "walking_time": "Every distance here is a straight line, not a walking route." }, "_meta": { "api_version": "1", "site": "https://dealtaipei.com", "generated_at": "2026-09-30", "license": "Listing fields: 交通部觀光署 觀光資訊資料庫 (Tourism Administration, MOTC, Taiwan), Open Government Data License v1 (https://data.gov.tw/license), modified (merged, filtered, matched to Wikidata); attribution is a condition of that licence. Names and categories: Wikidata (CC0) or DealTaipei. Translations: DealTaipei. Attribute dealtaipei.com and the Tourism Administration. See /llms.txt and /terms.", "docs": "https://dealtaipei.com/llms.txt" } }